Chlorination is one among the several methods used to disinfect water. This process was initially used over a hundred years ago, and is still being used nowadays. It is a method of chemical disinfection that uses different types of chlorine and chlorine-containing substances to oxidize and disinfect what will be the source of potable water.
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Why Are We Chlorinating Our Water?
A large amount of research and many studies have been carried out to ensure success in the use of chlorine as a disinfectant in new free chlorine in water treatment plants. A significant benefit of chlorination is that it has proved effective against bacteria and viruses; however, all microbes cannot be inactivated by it. Some protozoan cysts respond to the chlorine effects.
In situations where protozoan cysts are not of significant concern, chlorination is a safe form of disinfection to use, as it is inexpensive and efficient in disinfecting many other contaminants that may be present. Compared with other water treatment processes, the chlorination process is also relatively simple to introduce. It is an important approach in situations of water emergency, because it can remove a fairly fast accumulation of pathogens. Between a filter failure to a combination of treated and untreated water, an emergency water situation may be anything
Why Are They Chlorinating Our Waters?
In the water treatment cycle chlorination can be performed at any point-there is not one particular period that chlorine must be applied. The point of application of chlorine would then monitor a particular water contaminant issue, thereby providing a full treatment continuum from the moment the water enters the treatment facility until it leaves. Pre-chlorination happens as chlorine is added almost directly to the water after it leaves the treatment plant. The chlorine is normally applied directly to the raw water in the pre-chlorination step or applied to the flash mixer.
To eliminate algae and other forms of aquatic life from the water, chlorine is added to raw water, so that they will not cause problems in the later stages of water treatment. Also, disinfection can occur just before filtration and after sedimentation. This would control biological growth, remove iron and manganese, remove taste and odors, control the growth of algae, and remove water colour. The amount of biological growth in the sedimentation cells will not be decreased. Also, chlorination can be done as the final step in the process of chlorine analyzer treatment, which is when it is usually done in most treatment plants.
The main purpose of this application of chlorine is to disinfect the water and retain residual chlorine that will remain in the water as it passes through the delivery system. A procedure called re-chlorination is often performed within the delivery system to help and preserve the chlorine residual. It is achieved to ensure that residual chlorine levels in the delivery chain are managed properly.
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